Quick Answer:
Shih Tzus (9-16 lbs) are sturdier and more laid-back, making them better for families with children. Maltese (4-7 lbs) are smaller, more delicate, and livelier, ideal for adults and seniors. Both require daily grooming and professional grooming every 4-6 weeks ($50-$100). Maltese have pure white coats; Shih Tzus come in many colors.
Shih Tzu vs Maltese: Quick Comparison
| Factor | Shih Tzu | Maltese |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | China/Tibet | Malta (Mediterranean) |
| Size | 9-16 lbs, 9-10.5 inches | 4-7 lbs, 7-9 inches |
| Coat Colors | Many colors (gold, white, black, brindle) | Pure white only |
| Temperament | Affectionate, playful, stubborn | Lively, gentle, eager to please |
| Energy Level | Low to Moderate | Moderate |
| Grooming Needs | High (daily brushing) | High (daily brushing) |
| Lifespan | 10-16 years | 12-15 years |
| Good With Children | Yes (sturdy build) | Older children only |
| Apartment Friendly | Excellent | Excellent |
| Price Range | $1,000-$3,000 | $1,000-$4,000 |
Origins and History
Shih Tzu: The Chinese Lion Dog
The Shih Tzu (meaning "lion dog") has royal origins dating back over 1,000 years in China and Tibet. These dogs were bred exclusively for Chinese royalty and lived in imperial palaces. They were so prized that for centuries, the Chinese refused to sell, trade, or give them away. The breed nearly went extinct during the Chinese Communist Revolution but was saved by just 14 dogs.
Shih Tzus were bred purely as companion dogs - they have no hunting or working background. Their sole purpose has always been to provide love and companionship to their owners.
Maltese: The Ancient Mediterranean Companion
The Maltese is one of the oldest toy breeds, with a history spanning at least 2,000 years. Ancient Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians adored these small white dogs. The breed is named after the island of Malta, though some historians believe they originated in Italy or Asia.
Throughout history, Maltese have been the beloved companions of aristocrats and royalty. Queen Elizabeth I, Mary Queen of Scots, and Queen Victoria all owned Maltese dogs. Like Shih Tzus, they were bred purely for companionship.
Size and Appearance Differences
Shih Tzu Appearance
- • Weight: 9-16 pounds
- • Height: 9-10.5 inches
- • Sturdy, compact body
- • Flat face (brachycephalic)
- • Large, round eyes
- • Long, flowing double coat
- • Many colors: gold, white, black, liver, brindle, combinations
- • Distinctive underbite common
Maltese Appearance
- • Weight: 4-7 pounds
- • Height: 7-9 inches
- • Delicate, refined build
- • Slightly rounded skull
- • Dark, alert eyes
- • Long, silky single coat
- • Pure white only (some lemon/tan acceptable)
- • Black button nose
Key difference: Shih Tzus are nearly twice the size of Maltese and have a much sturdier build. This makes Shih Tzus more suitable for homes with young children who might accidentally be too rough with a tiny dog.
Temperament Differences
Both breeds are affectionate companion dogs, but they have distinct personalities:
Shih Tzu Temperament
- • Affectionate and loyal
- • Playful but not hyperactive
- • Can be stubborn
- • Happy to nap on your lap
- • Good with children and other pets
- • Less prone to barking
- • Confident, sometimes arrogant
- • Adaptable to different lifestyles
Maltese Temperament
- • Gentle and affectionate
- • Lively and playful
- • Eager to please
- • Can be clingy
- • Better with adults/older children
- • More prone to barking
- • Alert and responsive
- • May be timid with strangers
Training Note
Maltese are generally easier to train due to their eager-to-please nature. Shih Tzus can be stubborn - they were bred to be companions to emperors, and some say they still think they're royalty! Both respond best to positive reinforcement and patience.
Grooming Requirements
Both breeds have high grooming needs. Their beautiful coats require daily attention to prevent matting and keep them looking their best.
| Grooming Need | Shih Tzu | Maltese |
|---|---|---|
| Coat Type | Double coat (dense undercoat) | Single coat (silky) |
| Brushing | Daily (15-20 min) | Daily (10-15 min) |
| Professional Grooming | Every 4-6 weeks | Every 4-6 weeks |
| Grooming Cost | $50-$100/session | $50-$90/session |
| Shedding | Low | Very Low |
| Tear Stains | Common (especially light colors) | Very common (needs daily cleaning) |
| Popular Cuts | Puppy cut, teddy bear cut, top knot | Puppy cut, show coat, short trim |
Many owners opt for a shorter "puppy cut" to reduce daily grooming time. This involves trimming the coat to 1-2 inches all over, making maintenance much easier while keeping your dog comfortable.
Maltese Tear Stains
The white coat of a Maltese shows tear stains prominently. Daily eye cleaning is essential to prevent reddish-brown staining around the eyes. For detailed care tips, see our Maltese Tear Stain Guide.
Health Considerations
Both breeds are generally healthy but have breed-specific health concerns:
Shih Tzu Health Issues
- • Brachycephalic airway syndrome (breathing issues)
- • Eye problems (proptosis, dry eye)
- • Hip dysplasia
- • Patellar luxation
- • Ear infections
- • Dental problems (crowded teeth)
- • Heat sensitivity
Maltese Health Issues
- • Patellar luxation (knee issues)
- • Portosystemic shunt (liver)
- • Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
- • Dental problems
- • White dog shaker syndrome
- • Tear duct problems
- • Collapsed trachea
Shih Tzu Breathing Concerns
Shih Tzus have flat faces (brachycephalic) which can cause breathing difficulties, especially in hot weather or during exercise. They should never be left in hot cars, and air travel can be risky. Maltese have longer muzzles and don't have these breathing concerns.
Cost Comparison
Purchase Price
| Source | Shih Tzu | Maltese |
|---|---|---|
| Pet Quality Breeder | $1,000-$2,000 | $1,000-$2,500 |
| Show Quality | $2,000-$3,000 | $2,500-$4,000+ |
| Rescue/Adoption | $150-$500 | $150-$500 |
Annual Ownership Costs
| Expense | Shih Tzu | Maltese |
|---|---|---|
| Grooming (8-10 sessions) | $600-$1,000 | $500-$900 |
| Food (quality kibble) | $300-$500 | $200-$400 |
| Vet care (routine) | $300-$600 | $300-$600 |
| Pet insurance | $300-$600 | $300-$600 |
| Total Annual Cost | $1,500-$2,700 | $1,300-$2,500 |
Find a Small Breed Grooming Specialist
Both Shih Tzus and Maltese need groomers experienced with their coat types. Find professionals who specialize in toy breeds.
Find Groomers Near MeWhich Breed Is Right for You?
Choose a Shih Tzu If You:
- Have young children or a busy household
- Want a sturdier small dog
- Prefer a more laid-back, less yappy dog
- Like variety in coat colors
- Can handle a sometimes stubborn personality
- Want a dog content with moderate exercise
- Don't mind occasional snoring
Choose a Maltese If You:
- Are an adult or senior looking for a companion
- Want the smallest possible companion
- Prefer a lively, eager-to-please personality
- Love the elegant all-white look
- Want a slightly easier dog to train
- Can commit to daily tear stain cleaning
- Don't mind a dog that may bark more
Either Breed Works If You:
- Live in an apartment or small home
- Can commit to daily grooming
- Want an affectionate lap dog
- Have time for regular professional grooming
- Want a low-shedding breed
- Prefer low to moderate exercise needs
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a Shih Tzu and a Maltese?▼
Shih Tzus are slightly larger (9-16 lbs vs 4-7 lbs), more sturdy, and have a more laid-back, playful temperament. Maltese are smaller, more delicate, and tend to be more lively and alert. Both have long, flowing coats requiring daily grooming, but Maltese have pure white coats while Shih Tzus come in many colors.
Which is better for families, a Shih Tzu or Maltese?▼
Shih Tzus are generally better for families with children due to their sturdier build and more patient temperament. Maltese are more delicate and better suited for adults, seniors, or families with gentle older children. Both breeds are affectionate and make excellent companions.
Do Shih Tzus or Maltese shed more?▼
Both breeds are considered low-shedding and often recommended for allergy sufferers. Maltese tend to shed slightly less than Shih Tzus. However, both require extensive daily grooming to prevent matting and keep their long coats healthy.
Which breed lives longer, Shih Tzu or Maltese?▼
Maltese typically have a longer lifespan of 12-15 years, while Shih Tzus live 10-16 years. Both breeds are generally healthy with proper care, though each has breed-specific health concerns to watch for.
Are Shih Tzus or Maltese easier to train?▼
Maltese are generally considered slightly easier to train due to their eager-to-please nature. Shih Tzus can be more stubborn but respond well to positive reinforcement and patience. Both breeds are intelligent and can learn commands and tricks with consistent training.
How much do Shih Tzus and Maltese cost?▼
Both breeds typically cost $1,000-$3,000 from reputable breeders. Show-quality dogs or rare colors may cost more. Maltese from champion bloodlines can reach $4,000+. Annual care costs including grooming ($600-$1,200), food, and vet care are similar for both breeds.
The Bottom Line
Both Shih Tzus and Maltese make wonderful companion dogs. Shih Tzus are better for families with children due to their sturdier build, while Maltese are ideal for adults and seniors who want a tiny, devoted companion.
Both breeds require significant grooming commitment and thrive on human companionship. The "better" choice depends on your household, lifestyle, and personal preferences. Either way, you're getting a loving, loyal friend who will bring joy to your life for many years.
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Shih Tzus and Maltese need regular professional grooming. Find experienced groomers near you.
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