Cat Health

Cat Eye Infection: Causes, Treatment & Home Care

How to recognize eye infections in cats, what causes them, and when you need veterinary treatment vs. safe home care.

Updated March 2026·8 min read
Close-up of a cat with healthy bright eyes

Quick Answer:

Cat eye infections are usually caused by bacteria, viruses (especially feline herpesvirus), or allergens. Most require veterinary treatment with antibiotic or antiviral eye drops. Mild clear discharge can be gently cleaned at home with sterile saline, but colored discharge, swelling, or squinting needs prompt vet attention.

Types of Eye Infections in Cats

Eye infections in cats fall into several categories depending on which part of the eye is affected:

Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)

The most common eye infection in cats. Involves inflammation of the conjunctiva — the thin membrane lining the eyelids. Causes redness, swelling, and discharge.

Keratitis (Corneal Infection)

Infection or inflammation of the cornea. Can result from scratches, foreign objects, or viral infections. May cause cloudiness or ulceration if untreated.

Uveitis (Internal Eye Inflammation)

Inflammation inside the eye affecting the iris and surrounding structures. Often linked to systemic diseases like FIV, FeLV, or toxoplasmosis. Requires urgent care.

Common Causes

CauseHow CommonTypical Discharge
Feline Herpesvirus (FHV-1)Very commonClear to yellow
Chlamydia felisCommonYellow-green
MycoplasmaModerateMucoid
Allergens / IrritantsCommonClear, watery
Trauma / Foreign bodyOccasionalClear initially, then colored

Symptoms to Watch For

Eye infection signs range from mild to severe. Watch for these indicators:

Mild — Monitor at Home

  • • Occasional clear, watery discharge
  • • Slight redness in one eye
  • • Minor tearing
  • • Cat acting normally otherwise

Serious — See Vet Promptly

  • • Yellow, green, or thick discharge
  • • Squinting or keeping eye closed
  • • Swollen eyelids
  • • Cloudiness or color change in the eye
  • • Pawing at the eye
  • • Both eyes affected

When to See a Vet Immediately

Seek immediate veterinary care if your cat shows:

  • • Eye is completely closed or bulging
  • • Visible injury or foreign object in the eye
  • • Sudden blindness or bumping into things
  • • Blood in or around the eye
  • • Kitten with any eye discharge (kittens are fragile)
  • • Symptoms worsening despite 2-3 days of home care

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Your vet will typically perform an eye exam and may run tests to identify the specific infection.

CauseTreatmentTypical Cost
Bacterial infectionAntibiotic eye drops/ointment$100–$200
Viral (herpesvirus)Antiviral drops + L-lysine supplement$150–$300
Corneal ulcerAntibiotics + pain management$200–$500
Allergic reactionAnti-inflammatory drops, remove allergen$100–$200

Home Care Tips

For mild symptoms or while awaiting your vet appointment, these steps can help keep your cat comfortable:

Clean gently: Use a warm, damp cotton ball to wipe discharge from the eye. Wipe from inner corner outward. Use a fresh cotton ball for each eye.

Saline rinse: Sterile saline solution (not contact lens solution) can flush debris. Apply a few drops and let the cat blink it away.

Prevent rubbing: If your cat is pawing at the eye, an e-collar may be needed to prevent further damage.

Keep the area clean: Trim long fur around the eyes if it's trapping discharge. Keep the sleeping area clean and dust-free.

Never use: Human eye drops, contact lens solution, or any medication not prescribed by your vet. Tea tree oil and essential oils are toxic to cats.

Prevention

  • Vaccinations: Core vaccines protect against feline herpesvirus and calicivirus, two leading causes of eye infections
  • Indoor living: Reduces exposure to infected cats and eye irritants
  • Reduce stress: Stress reactivates feline herpesvirus — keep the environment calm
  • Regular cleaning: Wipe eyes gently with a damp cloth if your cat tends to accumulate discharge
  • Vet checkups: Annual exams catch early signs of eye problems

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Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if my cat has an eye infection?

Look for redness, swelling, excessive tearing, colored discharge (yellow, green, or white), squinting, pawing at the eye, cloudiness, and light sensitivity. Colored discharge especially warrants a vet visit.

Can I treat my cat's eye infection at home?

Mild clear discharge can be cleaned with a warm damp cloth or sterile saline. However, most eye infections require prescription antibiotic or antiviral drops from a vet. Never use human eye drops on cats.

Are cat eye infections contagious?

Bacterial and viral eye infections can spread to other cats. Isolate infected cats and wash hands after handling them. Most cat eye infections are not contagious to humans.

How long does a cat eye infection take to heal?

Bacterial infections typically improve in 5–7 days with treatment. Viral infections like herpesvirus may take 2–3 weeks and can recur during stress. Complete the full medication course even if symptoms improve.

How much does it cost to treat a cat eye infection?

A vet visit with exam and medication typically costs $100–$300. Antibiotic drops alone cost $15–$30. Complex cases with corneal ulcers or chronic infections can reach $300–$800+.

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